Tokyo Haneda International Airport

Tokyo Haneda is one of only two major commercial airports serving the Tokyo metropolitan area — the world's most populous urban region — and handles the vast majority of its domestic air traffic. The split with Narita (NRT) historically routed international flights through the latter, but a steady relaxation of slot restrictions since 2010 has returned long-haul service to HND, making it effectively a dual international–domestic hub. 2024 traffic reached 85.9M passengers, with its three passenger terminals running near operational capacity. All Nippon Airways (ANA) and Japan Airlines (JAL) both base their primary operations here. Haneda's four runways — two of them built on reclaimed land in Tokyo Bay — are arranged to allow simultaneous operations despite the airport's tight fit. International capacity is managed through a dedicated Terminal 3, which handles overnight and daytime long-haul services to North America, Europe, Southeast Asia, and China. The airport sits 14 km from central Tokyo, against Narita's 60 km — which is why business travelers prefer HND almost universally when slots are available. The 2020s construction boom added a 1,700-room airport hotel and a direct skybridge to the Keikyu rail line. HND's route network (135 direct destinations) is less diverse than the European or Middle Eastern megahubs, but the scheduling is relentlessly dense — Tokyo–Sapporo and Tokyo–Osaka alone account for some of the busiest passenger city-pairs in the world.