Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport

Shanghai Hongqiao International is one of two major airports serving Shanghai and the dominant domestic gateway for the Yangtze River Delta, ranked by BigAirports among the top-ten busiest airports in China despite its near-exclusive domestic focus. Located in Minhang District 13 km west of central Shanghai at 10 ft (3 m) elevation, SHA handles roughly 40M+ passengers annually — almost entirely on domestic routes — and functions as the primary short-haul counterpart to Pudong (PVG), which carries the bulk of Shanghai's international traffic. Two parallel runways — 18L/36R at 11,154 ft (3,400 m) and 18R/36L at 10,826 ft (3,300 m) — handle the operation, with Terminal 1 (reopened post-renovation 2017) serving select international routes including Tokyo-Haneda, Seoul-Gimpo and Taipei-Songshan under bilateral city-pair agreements, and the much larger Terminal 2 handling domestic traffic for China Eastern (the dominant hub carrier), Air China, China Southern, Shanghai Airlines and Juneyao. Hongqiao is co-located with the Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station — the largest integrated air-rail transport hub in Asia — putting high-speed trains to Beijing, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou and Hong Kong under the same roof as departure gates. SHA's 156 scheduled routes span 58 destinations across 21 airlines, a concentration ratio reflecting its role as the high-frequency domestic shuttle airport for China's most productive economic region. The Beijing-Shanghai and Shanghai-Guangzhou shuttle corridors alone generate hundreds of weekly rotations. Combined with PVG, the Shanghai airport system moves well over 100M passengers annually, placing it among the largest multi-airport systems in the world. Hongqiao's integrated air-rail-metro-coach configuration is a template studied globally for multi-modal airport design.